Substance Use Disorder (SUD) is a medical condition that involves repeated drug or alcohol use despite negative consequences. It is diagnosed on a scale from mild to severe, with severe cases often classified as addiction.
According to the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA), SUD occurs when substance use causes clinically significant impairments, including health problems, disability, and failure to meet major responsibilities.
How Addiction is Diagnosed
Research has shown that addiction is a brain disorder that leads to compulsive and self-destructive behaviors. Advances in neuroscience and genetics have improved our understanding of addiction, leading to better diagnosis and treatment.
The American Psychiatric Association (APA) first introduced SUD as a diagnostic category in the DSM-5 (2013). In 2022, the APA released the DSM-5 TR (Text Revision), which includes updated criteria for SUD and other mental health conditions. This revision incorporates new research, refined diagnostic language, and improved clinical guidance.
SUD Symptoms and Severity Levels
The DSM-5 and DSM-5 TR classify SUD based on the number of symptoms a person experiences. The spectrum approach helps clinicians diagnose and treat addiction more effectively. The DSM-5-TR also updated diagnostic codes to align with ICD-10-CM, making it easier for healthcare providers to track and classify SUD.
These symptoms may include:
- Strong cravings
- Continued use despite harm
- Increased tolerance
- Withdrawal symptoms
- Loss of control over use
SUD Severity Levels:
- Mild SUD: 2-3 symptoms
- Moderate SUD: 4-5 symptoms
- Severe SUD or Addiction: 6 or more symptoms
Why Early Treatment Matters
Substance use disorders can lead to serious consequences, including job loss, legal trouble, and health problems.
Severe addiction tricks the brain into thinking it needs substances to survive. However, many people with SUD experience periods when they feel in control, making it easy to underestimate the risk. Getting early treatment can prevent long-term damage.
Seeking Professional Help
If you or a loved one is struggling with substance use, it is important to take a Self Assessment or schedule a professional evaluation.
At EOSIS, we offer evidence-based treatment programs tailored to meet individual needs.
Our services are offered across the Twin Cities and include:
ResidentialÂ
OutpatientÂ
Intensive Virtual Care
Specialized Programs , including treatment programs designed for members of the LGBTQ+ and Native American communities and Licensed Professionals.
Reach out today to start your journey toward a healthier life.
